Mice were fasted overnight and the livers were harvested for the extraction of total RNA using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. DNA was eliminated by on-column RNase-free DNase treatment. RNA quality was verified (RNA integrity number >8.5) using a 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). Messenger RNA was isolated, converted to cDNA, and amplified using the mRNA Purification Kit (Illumina, San-Diego, CA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. An Illumina library was built and used to generate clusters on the Illumina flow cell according to the Illumina protocol and sequenced using a Genome Analyzer II (Illumina). Alternatively, livers were crosslinked and used for ChIP-seq using various antibodies. For DNase-seq - livers were digested with DNaseI following by sequencing.