ChiP-seq: Chromatin DNA was extracted from sonicated nuclei and further selectively accumulated by ChiP-specific antibody. RNA-seq: total RNA were purified by Qiagen RNeasy column. Illumina multiplex library protocol for ChiP-seq and mRNA seq of VEGF stimualtion is as described (Bing Zhang, et al. , 2013,Genome Res. 2013 Jun;23(6):917-27); Spike-in mRNA-seq protocol followed ScriptSeq v2 RNA-seq kit (Illumina)